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> Glossary / A
Change in focal length of the lens of the eye (optical power change).
Adjustment of the eye’s sensitivity to changing visual conditions, especially ambient luminance. Dark adaptation is the adjustment of the eye’s sensitivity to low ambient luminance. It takes longer than light adaptation. At an ambient luminance below 0,03 cd/m2 (some individuals below 0,003 cd/m2), the eye is adapted to darkness and the degree of luminous efficiency for scotopic vision V′(λ) applies. Light adaptation is the adjustment of the eye’s sensitivity to increased ambient luminance. Upwards of an ambient luminance of 3 cd/m2 (some individuals upward of 30 cd/m2), the human eye is adapted to light and the degree of luminous efficiency for photopic vision V(λ) applies. The process of light adaptation is quicker than the process of dark adaptation.
(Ez) Average cylindrical illuminance Ez is the local average of the cylindrical illuminance (identified through a horizontal bar on top of the letter E) on the reference surface or in the visual task area. A temporal average is not defined in photometrics.
(E) Average illuminance E is the local average of the illuminance (identified through a horizontal bar on top of the letter E) on the reference surface or in the visual task area. A temporal average is not defined in photometrics.
(L) Local average of the luminance (identified through a horizontal bar on top of the letter L) on the reference surface. (Average) luminance is generally dependent on the viewing angle at which the object is observed. A temporal average is not defined in photometrics.
Lamp reference B
Introduction Visual needs Need for orientation Non visual needs
Guidelines Overview Work places Visual task area Surrounding area Illuminance Luminance distribution Limitation of glare Lighting direction, modelling Aspects of colour Flicker and stroboscopic effects Daylight
Maintenance Factor Light and safety at work Light and non-visual effects Light and economy Light and environment Lighting design Lighting measurement Emergency lighting
Lighting of traffic zones and geneal areas in buildings Lighting of industrial activities and crafts Lighting of offices and VDU workstations Lighting of design and CAD offices Lighting of sports facilities Lighting of health care facilities Lighting of geriatric care facilities and nursing homes Lighting of public areas Lighting of salesrooms Lighting of educational facilities Lighting of traffic areas Lighting of car parks Ligthing of further indoor spaces
Luminaires The enhanced concept of quality Photometric classification Photometric properties Photo biology safety Mounting and electrical connection Luminaire labelling Luminaire operation LED luminaire operation Operation of FL luminaires Electrical safety Fire protection Electromagnetic safety Mechanical safety Chemical and miscellaneous impact Acoustic properties Ventilation properties
Firehazardous locations Room with bathtubs and showers Swimming baths Exterior installations Agricultural and gardening plant locations Food industry Clean rooms Requirements on mediacal rooms Emergency light installations
Luminaire selection chart
Light management application and function Presence detection Daylight-dependent regulation Interfaces Building management, KNX and other bus systems
Light sources types Characteristics of light sources
ABC, DF, G, ILM, NO, P, QRSUV, W
Subject index
StandardsGuidelines and instructionsEuropean directives and regulationsFurther publications
Lighting societies
Standardisation institutes
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