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> Appendix / Glossary / R
see Colour rendering index
Ratio of the luminous flux reflected by a surface and the luminous flux incident on said surface. The reflection behaviour of reflective surfaces, e.g. road surfaces, is expressed by the luminance coefficient and reflection factors and is internationally standardised for road surfaces C1 and C2 (see also standards). In the past, the road surfaces R1, R2, R3 and R4 were used in some European countries, including Germany.
In contrast to control, which depends on external parameters, regulation means manipulating a variable using measurements in a way that causes it to permanently adjust itself to a constant nominal value (see also chapter “daylight-dependent control”).
(S1, S2, κp): The reflection factors describe the “gloss level”, i.e. the reflective properties of a reflecting surface. In combination with the luminance coefficient they describe the reflection behaviour of road surfaces, for example.
Der Raumwirkungsgrad ist das Verhältnis des auf die Nutzfläche einer Beleuchtungsanlage auftreffenden Nutz-Lichtstroms ΦN zur Summe der Lichtströme aller Leuchten ΣΦL im Raum. Er ist auch der Quotient aus Beleuchtungswirkungsgrad ηL und Leuchtenbetriebswirkungsgrad ηLB.
ηR = ΦN/ΣΦL = ηB/ηLB
Der Reflexionsgrad ρ ist das Verhältnis des von einer Fläche reflektierten und dem auf diese Fläche auffallenden Lichtstroms. Das Reflexionsverhalten von spiegelnden Flächen, wie z. B. Fahrbahnoberflächen, wird durch Leuchtdichtekoeffizienten und Spiegelfaktoren beschrieben und ist für Fahrbahnbeläge C1 und C2 international standardisiert (siehe auch Normen). Früher verwendete man in einigen europäischen Ländern, so auch in Deutschland, die Fahrbahnbeläge R1, R2, R3 und R4.
Im Gegensatz zur Steuerung in Abhängigkeit von äußeren, nicht von der Steuerung beeinflussbaren Parametern, wird bei der Regelung eine Stellgröße mit Hilfe der Messung derselben so beeinflusst, dass sie sich möglichst permanent auf einen konstanten Sollwert einstellt (siehe auch Kapitel „Tageslichtabhängige Regelung”).
O S
Introduction Visual needs Need for orientation Non visual needs
Guidelines Overview Work places Visual task area Surrounding area Illuminance Luminance distribution Limitation of glare Lighting direction, modelling Aspects of colour Flicker and stroboscopic effects Daylight
Maintenance Factor Light and safety at work Light and non-visual effects Light and economy Light and environment Lighting design Lighting measurement Emergency lighting
Lighting of traffic zones and geneal areas in buildings Lighting of industrial activities and crafts Lighting of offices and VDU workstations Lighting of design and CAD offices Lighting of sports facilities Lighting of health care facilities Lighting of geriatric care facilities and nursing homes Lighting of public areas Lighting of salesrooms Lighting of educational facilities Lighting of traffic areas Lighting of car parks Ligthing of further indoor spaces
Luminaires The enhanced concept of quality Photometric classification Photometric properties Photo biology safety Mounting and electrical connection Luminaire labelling Luminaire operation LED luminaire operation Operation of FL luminaires Electrical safety Fire protection Electromagnetic safety Mechanical safety Chemical and miscellaneous impact Acoustic properties Ventilation properties
Firehazardous locations Room with bathtubs and showers Swimming baths Exterior installations Agricultural and gardening plant locations Food industry Clean rooms Requirements on mediacal rooms Emergency light installations
Luminaire selection chart
Light management application and function Presence detection Daylight-dependent regulation Interfaces Building management, KNX and other bus systems
Light sources types Characteristics of light sources
ABC, DF, G, ILM, NO, P, QRSUV, W
Subject index
StandardsGuidelines and instructionsEuropean directives and regulationsFurther publications
Lighting societies
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